Wisconsin Supreme Court Race Cost Record $51M

July 18, 2023

Candidates and special interest groups spent a record-smashing $51.06 million in the Wisconsin Supreme Court race, a Wisconsin Democracy Campaign review found.

Milwaukee County Circuit Judge Janet Protasiewicz defeated former Supreme Court Justice Daniel Kelly in the April 4 contest. Protasiewicz, who was viewed as a liberal, drew support from liberal and Democratic groups and contributors. Kelly, a conservative, drew support from conservative and Republican groups and contributors.

Spending by the four candidates, two of whom were eliminated in the Feb. 21 primary, totaled $22.17 million. That was more than four times the previous record of just over $5 million in combined candidate spending in the 2020 Wisconsin Supreme Court race.

About five dozen groups spent a record $28.88 million, including $22.58 million on reported independent expenditures and $6.3 million on secretive phony issue ads (see Table below). That was more than five times the previous record $5.03 million spent by smear groups in the 2020 Wisconsin Supreme Court race.

Protasiewicz and outside groups that backed her spent $29.12 million, including $17.44 million by the candidate and $11.67 million by supporting groups. Protasiewicz’s spending was more than six times higher than the previous record spending by a single candidate in a high court race, which was $2.69 million set by Jill Karofsky in the 2020 Wisconsin Supreme Court race.

Kelly and outside groups that backed him spent $20.48 million, including $3.72 million by the candidate and $16.76 million by supporting groups.

Total spending in the 2023 race was five times higher than the previous state record $10 million spent by candidates and groups in the 2020 Wisconsin Supreme Court race. Total spending also more than tripled the national record spent on a judicial race, which was $15 million in Illinois in 2004.

Topping the list of outside support for Protasiewicz were:

A Better Wisconsin Together, $6.33 million in independent expenditures and phony issue ads to sponsor television and online advertising;

Wisconsin Conservation Voters, $1.03 million on campaign literature and payroll management expenses;

Organizing Empowerment PAC, $932,500 on phone calls, canvassing, and voter mobilization efforts;

Planned Parenthood Advocates of Wisconsin, $562,244 on mailings, postcards, canvassing, and radio and online ads;

Power to the Polls Action Fund, $495,334 on mailings, canvassing and radio and online ads.

 Topping the list of outside support for Kelly were:

Wisconsin Manufacturers & Commerce (WMC), $5.6 million on phony issue ads mostly to sponsor broadcast ads;

Fair Courts America, $5.54 million mostly on broadcast advertising;

Women Speak Out PAC, $2.22 million on phone calls, texts, mailings, and television and online ads;

Americans for Prosperity, $820,465 mostly on mailings, canvassing and online ads;

American Principles Project PAC, $795,894 on digital advertising.

In addition to the electioneering groups identified by the Democracy Campaign, the Brennan Center for Justice, which follows judicial races across the country, found two groups – Conservative Action for America and Protect Our Families – that spent a combined $441,272 on cable or broadcast advertising in the Supreme Court race.

The Democracy Campaign did not include spending by Conservative Action for America and Protect Our Families in its tally because the groups did not report their spending to the state. The Democracy Campaign also did not find any examples of electioneering that the groups sponsored or evidence of who they supported or opposed.

For more details about the groups and their activities and spending, check out the Democracy Campaign’s Hijacking Campaign 2023 or click on the group names in the table below.

For the latest information about the candidates’ fundraising and spending, go here.

Special Interest Group Spending in the 2023 Wisconsin Supreme Court Race

NamePartisan LeanAmount
A Better Wisconsin Together ** D $6,330,876
Wisconsin Manufacturers & Commerce (WMC) ** R $5,603,000
Fair Courts America R $5,544,661
Women Speak Out PAC R $2,222,318
Wisconsin Conservation Voters D $1,030,836
Organizing Empowerment PAC D $932,500
Americans for Prosperity R $820,465
American Principles Project PAC R $795,894
Wisconsin Alliance for Reform * R $600,000
Planned Parenthood Advocates of Wisconsin D $562,244
Power to the Polls Action Fund D $495,334
Everytown for Gun Safety Action Fund D $450,203
One for All Committee D $450,000
Wisconsin Family Action R $254,919
Safe Families Wisconsin D $248,242
Family Friendly Action PAC D $212,090
Republican State Leadership Committee R $199,457
American Majority Action R $193,245
Americas PAC R $178,042
Project Democracy D $150,000
Voces de la Frontera D $141,451
Working America D $132,302
FreedomWorks for America R $126,841
Project 72 Wisconsin PAC D $122,841
VoteVets D $120,869
Hunter Nation R $101,250
Tides Advocacy D $77,280
Justice for Wisconsin R $55,000
Service Employees International Union (SEIU) D $54,650
Black Leaders Organizing for Communities (BLOC PAC ) D $54,410
SOMOS PAC D $51,836
Indivisible Action D $51,118
Alliance for Justice Action Campaign D $50,611
Climate Emergency Advocates D $49,590
New Prosperity Foundation R $47,000
Tech for Campaigns D $41,468
National Rifle Association (NRA) R $37,978
Citizen Action of Wisconsin D $30,149
Blue Sky Waukesha D $27,310
Progress North D $25,482
Wisconsin Right to Life PAC R $23,235
Minocqua Brewing Co. Super PAC D $22,505
National Redistricting Action Fund D $17,301
American Federation of Teachers – Wisconsin D $15,552
March On D $15,000
Women’s March Win D $15,000
Freedom Action Now D $13,327
MoveOn.org Political Action D $12,302
Stand Up America D $12,291
Wisconsin Muslim Civic Alliance D $11,766
Committee to Protect Health Care D $10,350
Rock County First Political Fund R $9,890
Dunn County Democratic Party D $8,222
350 Wisconsin Action Inc. D $6,116
Emerging Voters Inc. D $3,694
Eau Claire County Republican Party R $3,000
SEIU Wisconsin Healthcare and Service Workers D $2,650
Volunteers for Agriculture (Wisconsin Farm Bureau Federation) R $2,400
SEIU Wisconsin State Council D $2,018
Wisconsin Education Association Council Region 7 PAC D $1,180
Juneau County Republican Party R $826
Wisconsin Education Association Council Region 6 PAC D $760
TOTAL $28,883,147

No asterisk represents disclosed spending by independent expenditure groups.
* Estimated spending for undisclosed issue ad activity.
** Estimated spending for undisclosed issue ads and disclosed independent expenditures.